Valve for internal combustion engines



y 2, 1946. E. N. JACOB! 2,403,001

VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Nov. 13, 1944 Edward Jszcmbz' ?atented duty 3 are star rates 1 vaava iron incensed. cotransrron enemas Edward N. Jacobi, Milwaukee, Wis, assignor to Briggs dz Stratton (Desperation, Milwaukee, Wis, a corporation of Delaware Application November 13, 1944, Serial No. 563,169

so designed as to minimize the mass of the valve head and thus reduce the amount of the expensive alloy required.

Inasmuch as valve heads made of Eitellite or other similar heat resisting alloys are cast, it is possible to so design the head as to achieve objects and purposes impossible in constructions where the valve is made by the ordinary wrought method. For instance, the valve head may be so designed and constructed as to achieve certain thermal characteristics such as the conduction of heat either to the seat with which the'valve coopcrates, or its stern guide with a view toward more rapidly carrying the heat'developed in the head cit to cooler parts of the engine; and it is an object of this invention to provide a valve having a head so constructed that these objectives are attained. 1

Another object of this invention is to provide a valve having a head cast of a heat resisting alicy, which incorporates on the upper surface thereof sharp edged reinforcing ribs of a height to just clear the ceiling of the valve chamber in which the valve operates so as to chisel or cut away any carbon deposits which tend to form on the ceiling of the valve chamber.

With the above and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, this invention resides in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafter described, and more particularly defined by the appended claims, it' being understood that such changes in the precise embodiment of the hereindisclosed invention may be made as come within the scope of the claims.

The accompanying drawing illustrates several complete examples of-the physical embodiment of the invention constructed in accordance with the best modes so far devised for the practical application of the principles thereof, and in which:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a valve embodying this invention with a part of its head broken away and in section;

Figure 2 is a top plan view thereof;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but illusating a modified arrangement of ribs;

(or. 123E188) Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the manner in which reinforcing and heat conducting ribs are used to carry the heat down into the stem;

5 Figure 5115 a view of a valve shown in side eleve tion and illustrating the use oi sharp edged ribs or projections on the top thereoito cut away car= bon deposits; and

Figure 6 is a top plan view of the vaive shown in Figure 5. 1

Referring now particularly to the accompany ing drawing, in which like numerals indicate like parts, the numeral 5 designates the head of a valve which, in accordance with this invention, is cast of a heat resisting alloy such as Stellite which re= mains hard at red heat. This head is welded, brazed or otherwise secured as at 6 to a stem 5 of austenitic steel or any other material having scribed in the aforesaid copending application.

Being cast, the head it may be designed to meet any desired thermal characteristics and in the embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 the design is such as to carry the heat and thence to the seat ii.

This arrangement enables rapid heat dissipation and at the same time accomplishes a desirable purpose in that it minimizes themass oi the head and thus lightens the valve.

To this end the rim portion t of the valve is joined to its central stem portion it by a thin walled section ii. This thin walled section ii practically isolates the rim portion 8 from the balance of the head. Structural strength is achieved through the use of radial ribs 52 which extend up from the top of the thin walled section it and connect the rim portion t with the stem portion it.

trated in Figure 4 the thin walled section ii is reinforced by'radial ribs at the under side of the head. These ribs, besides providing struc- M tural strength for the head, materially increase adequate toughness and hardness, as fully de from the head out to its seat engaging rim In addition to providing structural strength,

acoaooi the cooling sm'face exposed to the incoming gases and, where occasion requires, might be designed from the valve head down into its stern portion and thence to the guide it in which the stem reciprocates.

r In that form of the invention illustrated in' Fi= ures and 6, the head has ribs ll projecting irom the. top thereof as in the construction shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, but in this instance the ribs protrud above the surface of the valve proper and terminate in sharpened chisel-like edges it. The height of these ribs is such that they just clear the ceiling is of the valve chamber'in which the valve operates, so that any carbon tending to accumulate on the ceiling of the valve chamber above the valve is constantly cut away.

To insure this result, the mechanism for lifting the valve incorporates suitable means for rotating the valve. One such scheme is illustrated in Figure 5 where a disc or flange is secured to the lower end of the valve stem to be engaged at its outer portion by the valve lifting cam 22. ()bviously each time the cam lifts the valve it will impart rotation to the stem so that the chisel edged ribs are continuously presented to diflerent areas of the ceiling It.

' that this invention provides a valve for internal combustion engines having advantages not previously attainable.

What I claim as my invention is: 1. A. valve installation for internal combustion engines comprising: a valve chamber hav- 1 ing a floor and a ceiling, with a valve seat in the floor; a valve having a head disposed in said chamber and movable vertically therein, said head having a rim portion adapted to en age said seat; and sharp edged upward projections on the top of the valve head of a height to just clear the ceiling of the valve chamber as the valve is lifted so as to constantly cut away any carbon deposits which tend to form on the celling above the valve.

2 A valve installation for internal combustion engines comprising: a valve chamber having a floor and a ceiling, with a valve seat in the floor; a valve having a head disposed in said chamber and movable vertically therein, said head having a rim portion adapted to engage said seat; sharp edged upward projections on the top of the valve head of a height .to just clear the celling of the valve chamber as the valve is lifted so as to constantly cut away any carbon deposits which tend to form on the ceiling above the valve; and means for rotating the valve as it is lifted to constantly change the points at which the sharp edged projections contact any carbon deposits above the valve. 7

3. In a valve for internal combustion engines: a head cast of a heat resisting alloy (such as Stellite) and having a seat engaging rim portion joined to a stem portion by a wall section having less thickness than the width of the seat; and radial ribs connected to the back of the rim remote from the seat engaging area of the head with said radial ribs bridging the thin wall sec- 4 tion between the rim and the stem portion of the valve.

4. In a valve for internai'combustion engin s: a stem portion; a h ad on the stem cast of a heat resisting alloy (such as Steliite), said head having a seat engagin rim portion at its outer periphery and anannular thin walled section joining the rim portion to the inner central P tions' of the head with said thin walled section constituting the area of least thickness of the head; and radial ribs joined to the back of the rim portion of the head and extending inwardly and passing over the thin walled section to bridge the same and to reinforce thahead at its point of minimum thickness.

5. In a valve for internal combustion engines: a head cast of a heat resisting alloy (such as Stellite) and having a seat engaging rim portion Joined to a stem portion by an annular thin wall section, the wall backing the seat engaging portion of the head constituting the rim portion of the valve being thinner than the width. of the seat; ribs connected to the back of the rim portion on the combustion chamber side of the valve head and bridging acros the thin wall section adjoinin the stem; and radial ribs on the underside of the head joining said rim portion of the head with the stem portion to mechanically reinforce the thin wall section and to carry heat between the stem and rim.

6. In avalve for internal combustion engines: a head cast of a heat resisting alloy (such as Stellite) and having a seat engaging rim portion joined to astem portion by an annular thin wall section. the wall backing the seat engaging portion oi the head and constituting the rim portion of the valve being thinner than the width of the seat and the thin wall section circumscribed by the rim portion having a thinner section than the rim portion; ribs connected to the back of the rim portion on the combustion chamher side of the valve head and bridging across the thin wall section adjoining the stem; and radial ribs on the underside of the head joining '7. In a valve for internal combustion engines:

a head cast of a heat resisting alloy (such as Stellite) and aving a seat engaging rim of substantially uniform wall thickness in a direction at right angles to the seat engaging surface of the rim; a thin wall connecting the central portion of the head to the rim at the. smallest diameter of the rim; and combination heat conducting and reinforcing ribs integral with said thin walled section and extending inwardly from the rim across the thin wall section toward the central portions of the head.

8. In a valve for internal combustion engines of the type having a valve located in a combustion pocket with a valve seat in one wall of the pocket and the valve opening by motion of its head toward a wall of the pocket opposite the seat, characterized by a head for the valve equipped with sharp edged rib projecting from its top surface in a direction toward the wall of the pocket in which the valve is to operate opposite the seat for continuously cutting away any carbon deposit which tends to form on said opposite wall or the Docket.

EDWARD N. JACOBI. 

